initial commit of sources of c-pointers book from o'reilly

c_pointers/chapter_3.c

@@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+
+// macro for easier using of saferfree function
+#define safeFree(p) saferFree((void**) &(p))
+
+
+// typedefs
+typedef int (*t_fptr)(int);
+typedef int (*t_fptr_op)(int, int);
+typedef void (*t_fptr_base)();
+
+
+// function declarations
+void allocateArray(int **arr, size_t size, int value);
+void allocateArrayWrong(int *arr, int size, int value);
+void saferFree(void **pointer);
+int square(int num);
+int add(int a, int b);
+int sub(int a, int b);
+//int err(int a, int b);
+void err(void);
+int operation(t_fptr_op op, int a, int b);
+t_fptr_op select(char opc);
+void initialiseOperationsArray(void);
+int evalArray(char opc, int a, int b);
+t_fptr_op operations[128] = {NULL};
+
+
+
+// pointer by reference
+void allocateArray(int **arr, size_t size, int value) {
+    int *array = (int*) malloc(size * sizeof(int));
+    if (array != NULL) {
+        for (size_t index = 0; index < size; index++) {
+            array[index] = value;
+        }
+    }
+    *arr = array;
+}
+
+
+// pointer by value -> this will not work
+void allocateArrayWrong(int *arr, int size, int value) {
+    arr = (int*) malloc(size * sizeof(int));
+    if(arr != NULL) {
+        for(int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+            arr[i] = value;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+
+// safer free version which checks for NULL pointer
+// assigns NULL after freeing the pointer
+void saferFree(void **pointer) {
+    if (pointer != NULL && *pointer != NULL) {
+        free(*pointer);
+        *pointer = NULL;
+    }
+}
+
+
+// simple (unsafe) addition function
+int add(int a, int b) {
+    return a + b;
+}
+
+
+// simple (unsafe) subtract function
+int sub(int a, int b) {
+    return a - b;
+}
+
+
+int operation(t_fptr_op op, int a, int b) {
+    return op(a, b);
+}
+
+
+// simple (unsafe) square function
+int square(int num) {
+    return num * num;
+}
+
+
+// function selector
+// returns pointer to selected function
+t_fptr_op select(char opc) {
+    switch (opc) {
+        case '+': return add;
+        case '-': return sub;
+        default : return (t_fptr_op) err;
+    }
+}
+
+
+// error function
+void err(void) {  //int a, int b) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "invalid operation!\n");
+    //return 42;
+}
+
+// evaluate given operation on a & b
+// operation is given by function pointer
+int eval(char opc, int a, int b) {
+    t_fptr_op operation = select(opc);
+    return operation(a, b);
+}
+
+
+// initialise operations array
+// with pointers to add & sub functions
+void initialiseOperationsArray(void) {
+    operations['+'] = add;
+    operations['-'] = sub;
+}
+
+
+// eval function which works with
+// the array of function pointers
+int evalArray(char opc, int a, int b) {
+    t_fptr_op operation;
+    operation = operations[opc];
+    return operation(a, b);
+}
+
+
+int main (void) {
+
+    // variable definitions
+    size_t size = 8;
+    int value = 5;
+    int *vector = NULL;
+    //int (*fptr0) (int);
+    t_fptr fptr0;
+
+    // print vector address
+    printf("before malloc: %p\n", vector);
+
+    // function calls
+    allocateArray(&vector, size, value);
+    //allocateArrayWrong(vector_wrong, size, value);
+
+    for (size_t index = 0; index < size; index++) {
+        printf("%u : %d\n", (unsigned int) index, vector[index]);
+    }
+
+    // print vector address
+    printf("before safeFree: %p\n", vector);
+
+    //saferFree((void**)&(vector));
+    safeFree(vector);
+
+    // print vector address after free
+    printf("after safeFree: %p\n", vector);
+
+    // function pointer fptr0 now points to square()
+    fptr0 = square;
+
+    // call function which fptr0 points to
+    printf("%d squared is %d\n", value, fptr0(value));
+
+    // test of function pointers as function parameters
+    printf("%u + %d = %d\n", (unsigned int) size, value, operation(add, size, value));
+    printf("%u - %d = %d\n", (unsigned int) size, value, operation(sub, size, value));
+
+    // test of fucntion pointer returning
+    printf("%d\n", eval('t', size, value));
+
+    // function pointer casting
+    t_fptr_base basePointer;
+    t_fptr_op fptrFirst = add;
+    basePointer = (t_fptr_base) fptrFirst;
+    fptrFirst = (t_fptr_op) basePointer;
+    printf("%d\n", fptrFirst(5,6));
+
+    // return value
+    return 0;
+}

c_pointers/chapter_4.c

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+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+
+int main(void) {
+
+    int vector[5] = {1,2,3,4,5};
+    int *pv = vector;
+
+    printf("length of vector: %zu\n", sizeof(vector)/sizeof(int));
+
+    int matrix[2][3] = {{1,2,3},{4,5,6}};
+
+    for (size_t index = 0; index < 2; index++) {
+        printf("&matrix[%zu]: %p  sizeof(matrix[%zu]): %zu\n",
+            index, &matrix[index], index, sizeof(matrix[index]));
+    }
+
+    int value = 3;
+    for(size_t index = 0; index < sizeof(vector)/sizeof(int); index++) {
+        *pv++ *= value;
+        //pv[index] *= value;
+        //*(pv + index) *= value;
+        //vector[index] *= value;
+    }
+
+    for(size_t index = 0; index < sizeof(vector)/sizeof(int); index++) {
+        printf("vector[%zu]: %d\n", index, vector[index]);
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+
+}